What component in an air conditioning system absorbs latent heat to cool the exit air?

The component in an air conditioning system that absorbs latent heat to cool the exit air is the evaporator. The evaporator is responsible for the phase change of the refrigerant as it absorbs heat from the indoor air. Specifically, the refrigerant enters the evaporator as a low-pressure liquid and absorbs heat from the air passing over the evaporator coils. During this process, the refrigerant evaporates, changing from a liquid to a gas, which results in the cooling of the air that is then circulated back into the living space.

This absorption of heat is essential for reducing the temperature and humidity levels in the conditioned space, as latent heat primarily refers to the energy absorbed during the phase change of water or refrigerants. The cooling effect experienced is thus a direct result of this latent heat absorption in the evaporator. Other components within the system, such as the condenser, compressor, and expansion valve, play different roles that do not involve the direct absorption of latent heat for the cooling of exit air.