What is the function of superheat in a refrigeration system?

Superheat in a refrigeration system plays a crucial role in ensuring that all the refrigerant has vaporized before it reaches the compressor. This is essential because if liquid refrigerant enters the compressor, it can lead to significant damage, commonly known as "liquid slugging." By allowing the refrigerant to reach a certain temperature above its boiling point—known as the superheat—technicians ensure that only vapor enters the compressor. This process enhances the reliability and safety of the refrigeration system, mitigating risks associated with compressor failure and ensuring the system operates effectively.

While other factors like enhancing cooling efficiency and regulating pressure levels are important in refrigeration, the primary function of superheat is about ensuring complete vaporization of the refrigerant prior to it reaching the compressor. This focus on vaporization protects the system's components and allows for proper thermodynamic cycles to occur.